Regular Expressions
Written by vaheeD on December 28, 2012
Patterns of characters that are used in searching databases
Metacharacter | Meaning | Example | Explanation |
. | Exactly one character, not null | . | One character, not null. |
* | zero or more times (like {0,}) | ab*c | ac, abc, abbc, abbbc, … |
+ | once or more times (like {1,}) | ab+c | abc, abbc, abbbc, … |
? | zero or once (like {0,1}) | ab?c | ac,abc. |
^ | Beginning of the line | ^abc | Lines witch begin with “abc”. |
$ | End of the line | abc$ | Lines witch end with “abc”. |
\ | Escape carahcter | \. | dot character. |
[] | One occurence of list | [abc] | matches a,b or c. |
[-] | Range of characters | [a-d] | matches a,b,c or d. |
[^] | Reverse range of characters | [^a-d] | matches not a,b,c or d. |
(|) | alternative text | (abc|def) | matches abc or def. |
\d | exactly one digit | \d\d | 00, 01, …, 99. |
\D | everything except digit | \D\D | not 00,…,99. |
\w | exactly one letter,number or underscore (like [A-z0-9_]) | \w | a, 1, _, …. |
\W | everything except letter, number or underscore(like [^A-z0-9_]) | \W | @,#,… |
\s | exactly one whitespace (space,tab,newline) | \s | |
\S | everything except whitespace | \S | @ |
\b | word boundary | \bdef | def (not abcdef) |
\B | non-word boundary | \Bdef | abcdef (not def) |
\t | tab character | ||
\n | carriage return | ||
\nnn | octal number | \007 | bell character |
{m} | character repetitions (m times) | a{2} | aa |
{m,n} | character repetitions (minimum m, maximum n) | a{2,3} | aa,aaa |
{m,} | character repetitions (minimum m) | a{2,} | aa,aaa,aaaa,aaaaa,… |