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What is bind?

BIND is alternative software for translating domain names into IP addresses. Because domain names are alphabetic, they are easier to remember. So if we will browse the Internet we don’t need to remember IP addresses. For example, the domain namewww.yourdomain.com might translate to 192.168.0.1.

1. You Can Check BIND Packet

[root@server named]# rpm -qa bind*

bind-libs-9.2.4-2
bind-utils-9.2.4-2
bind-9.2.4-2

2. Setting Computer NS1 With IP 192.168.0.1 As Nameserver And Domain Name yourdomain.com

[root@server ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 192.168.0.1

3. Setting File /etc/named.conf

[root@server ~]# vi /etc/named.conf

//
// named.conf for Red Hat caching-nameserver
//
options {
   directory "/var/named";
   dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
   statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
/*
 * If there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want
 * to talk to, you might need to uncomment the query-source
 * directive below.  Previous versions of BIND always asked
 * questions using port 53, but BIND 8.1 uses an unprivileged
 * port by default.
 */
 // query-source address * port 53;
};

//
// a caching only nameserver config
//
controls {
 inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndckey; };
};

zone "localhost" IN {
   type master;
   file "localhost.zone";
   allow-update { none; };
};

zone "yourdomain.com" IN {
   type master;
   file "/var/named/yourdomain.com.zone";
   allow-update { none; };
};

zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
   type master;
   file "/var/named/0.168.192.rev";
   allow-update { none; };
};

include "/etc/rndc.key";

4. Setting File /var/named/yourdomain.com.zone

First you must create the file yourdomain.com.zone; you can use this syntax:

[root@server ~]# vi /var/named/yourdomain.com.zone

$TTL            86400
@                 IN SOA            yourdomain.com.  root.yourdomain.com. (
100     ; serial
1H      ; refresh
1M      ; retry
1W      ; expiry
1D )    ; minimum
@                    IN NS             ns1.yourdomain.com.
@                    IN A                 192.168.0.1
ns1                 IN A                 192.168.0.1
@                    IN MX   10      mail.yourdomain.com.
mail                IN A                 192.168.0.1
WWW               IN A                 192.168.0.1

5. Setting File /var/named/0.168.192.rev

First you must create the file 0.168.192.rev; you can use this syntax:

[root@server ~]# vi /var/named/0.168.192.rev

$TTL    86400
@                 IN SOA          yourdomain.com. root.yourdomain.com. (
100     ; serial
1H      ; refresh
1M      ; retry
1W      ; expiry
1D)     ; minimum
@                IN NS            ns1.yourdomain.com.
1                 IN PTR          binggo.yourdomain.com.

6. nslookup yourdomain.com

[root@server ~]# nslookup yourdomain.com

Server:         192.168.0.1
Address:        192.168.0.1#53

Name:   yourdomain.com
Address: 192.168.0.1

7. dig yourdomain.com

[root@server ~]# dig yourdomain.com

; DiG 9.2.4 yourdomain.com
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 10576
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;yourdomain.com.             IN      A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
yourdomain.com.      86400   IN      A       192.168.0.1

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
yourdomain.com.      86400   IN      NS      ns1.yourdomain.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns1.yourdomain.com.  86400   IN      A       192.168.0.1
;; Query time: 8 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.0.1#53(192.168.0.1)
;; WHEN: Sat Aug  2 10:56:16 2008
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 85

8. Configuration For NS 1 Is Finished

If you see errors, you can try to change the permissions of the folder /var/named.

[root@server ~]# chmod 777 -Rvf /var/named/

mode of `/var/named/’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
mode of `/var/named/named.zero’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
mode of `/var/named/localhost.zone’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
mode of `/var/named/198.99.208.rev’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
mode of `/var/named/data’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
mode of `/var/named/named.local’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
mode of `/var/named/named.ca’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
mode of `/var/named/named.ip6.local’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
mode of `/var/named/localdomain.zone’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
mode of `/var/named/yourdomain.com.zone’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
mode of `/var/named/named.broadcast’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)
mode of `/var/named/slaves’ changed to 0777 (rwxrwxrwx)

9. Check The /var/log/messages Log To Find Out If There Are Errors

[root@server ~]# tail /var/log/messages

Aug  2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: listening on IPv4 interface venet0:0, 192.168.0.1#53
Aug  2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Aug  2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: zone 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 100
Aug  2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: zone yourdomain.com/IN: loaded serial 100
Aug  2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 42
Aug  2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: running
Aug  2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: zone yourdomain.com/IN: sending notifies (serial 100)
Aug  2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: zone 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: sending notifies (serial 100)
Aug  2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: received notify for zone ‘yourdomain.com’
Aug  2 10:53:57 server named[20094]: received notify for zone ‘0.168.192.in-addr.arpa’